Which geomorphic process yields elliptical ponds, hummocky terrain, and springs?

• A. Fluvial floodplain
• B. Karst
• C. Aeolian erosion
• D. Glacial landforms

Answer: (B)

Karst processes. Dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone or dolomite by slightly acidic groundwater creates underground drainage systems, springs, and surface depressions. The surface expression can include ponds that form in dissolution hollows and can appear elliptical due to the geometry of joints and bedding planes guiding dissolution. The uneven, collapsed blocks give the landscape a hummocky appearance, a common karst surface feature. Fluvial floodplains are shaped by river activity with channels and sediments, aeolian erosion forms dunes and related deposits, and glacial landforms come from ice- and meltwater-driven sculpting, none of which routinely produce both springs and karst-dissolution depressions.